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of occupational asthma in south african gold mines

Safety and health - Mining for schools

In South Africa, as TB is the main opportunistic disease experienced by people who are HIV positive, the mines' health facilities' TB work has been central to countering the effects of HIV. Mining companies were, from 2002, the first in South Africa - some years before government - to offer comprehensive, mass-based anti-retroviral ...

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Occupational health hazards in mining:an overview

Occupational asthma has also been a problem in the pot rooms of aluminum smelters [103-105]. Coal dust and methane gas explosions in underground coal mines remain a serious risk requiring comprehensive monitoring and management [106]. Some underground coal mines also have problems with carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide gas.

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An Approach to Hazardous Biological Agents in The Workplace - Legal ...

Occupational Health Southern Africa, 8(2), 8-13, 2002. Introduction The recent promulgation of the Regulations for Hazardous Biological Agents in December 2001, brings South African health and safety legislation on hazardous biological agents (HBA) more in ... Mining Gold and coal mining Health care Patient care in hospitals, clinics, nursing ...

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REVIEW Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - diagnosis and ...

The South African Thoracic Society Guidelines[5] and the GOLD strategy docu-ment[1] both incorporate assessments of FEV 1 and dyspnoea; however, the presence of exacerbations is prominent in the newer GOLD guidelines. We focus on these as the most current approach to severity assessment. Based on the severity grading,

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An overview of occupational noise-induced hearing loss among workers ...

The burden associated with occupational noise varies from 11.2% (South Africa) to 58% (USA) (Table 1) [ 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65 ]. Overall, the prevalence of ONIHL is generally higher in the less developed regions of the world [ 3 ].

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CDC - Mining Topic - Respiratory Diseases - NIOSH

For miners examined at three black lung clinics in Virginia, NIOSH reported 416 diagnosed with PMF, an unprecedented number. Through a special CWHSP program, NIOSH examined more than 2,200 surface miners from 2010-2011. Results of the scans found CWP in 46 miners, 12 of which had PMF. Graph of CWP respiratory disease in miners.

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Pulmonary tuberculosis: 40-year trends in South African gold miners, an ...

Results: Of 41308 black gold miners, 9980 (11.88%) had PTB. PTB increased from 3.65% (1975) to 48.56% (2008) and decreased to 31.93% (2014). Year of autopsy was the most significant predictor and the likelihood of PTB increased with each increasing five-year category until 2005-2009 (see Table).

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ORCID

Dr. Wells Utembe possesses a PhD in Public Health from the University of the Witwatersrand. His main area of focus is on the risks that may emanate from exposure to chemicals on human populations and the environment. He has been involved in many research projects and consultancies in human health and environmental risk assessment of chemicals ...

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uWORLD Pulmonary Flashcards | Quizlet

uWORLD: A 63 yo man comes to the office for evaluation of 3 months of increasing cough with occasional hemoptysis, night sweats, and unintentional weigh loss. He recently migrated from South Africa, where he worked in the gold mines. The patient has a history of silicosis diagnosed 10 years ago. Vital signs show a low-grade fever.

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The role of environmental exposure to non-cigarette smoke in lung ...

Chronic exposure to indoor smoke and outdoor air pollution is a major contributor to global morbidity and mortality. The majority of these deaths occur in low and middle‐income countries. Children, women, the elderly and people with underlying chronic conditions are most affected. In addition to reduced lung function, children exposed to biomass smoke have an increased risk of ...

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Occupational lung disease in the South African mining industry ...

Trapido et al63estimated the unpaid occupational lung disease compensation for gold miners to be 10 billion South African rands (US$1.4 billion; $1¼R7) in 1996, closer to 20 billion rands (US$2.9 billion) today.

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Modern Environmental Health Hazards: A Public Health Issue of ...

According to Hentschel et al. (2003), the proportion of the African artisanal workforce composed of women and children can range from approximately 5% in South Africa ( n = 500) to 50% in Mali ( n > 100,000). They also estimate that > 3,000 children are directly employed in artisanal mining in Tanzania.

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Medical tariffs: professional association briefings, Compensation ... - PMG

The value of the mining sector in South Africa was R18 trillion, and it employed 500 000 persons in 2 200 entities. Mining fatality rates showed a downward trend. The three dominant countries for mining were Canada, South Africa and Australia, but four of the top ten mining companies in the world were South African.

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The health and health system of South Africa: historical roots of ...

years of the South African population, with violence and injuries constituting a further cause of premature deaths and disability. Although South Africa is considered a middle-income country in terms of its economy, it has health outcomes that are worse than those in many lower income countries. South Africa is one of only Lancet 2009; 374: 817 ...

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Electronic waste - The toxic legacy of our digital age

According to the e-Waste Association of South Africa, South Africa generates about 6.2 kilograms of e-waste per inhabitant annually and only 12% of that is recycled. The circumstances are not aided by the fact that only 20% of global e-waste is formally recycled. The remaining 80% is often incinerated or discarded in a landfill.

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European Respiratory Society International Congress 2018: four shades ...

Serial peak expiratory flow measurements remain the recommended approach for occupational asthma ... database recording South Africa miners' pathological findings from autopsy since 1975, combined with demographic and clinical data. Murray reported that amongst 11 901 records, 72% worked in gold mining. Amongst black miners, silicosis and ...

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How mine dumps affect the health of communities living nearby

We found that children living in communities close to mine dumps were more inclined to show symptoms of asthma like having a wheezing chest along with a runny nose, congested nasal passages and ...

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Epidemiology of COPD | European Respiratory Society

Prevalence of chronic bronchitis was estimated to be 2.3% for males and 2.8% for females. In South America, the PLATINO study enabled the prevalence of COPD in those aged over 40 yrs to be estimated at between 7.8% and 20% [ 17 ]. The spirometric criteria were those of GOLD (post-bronchodilator FEV 1 /FVC <70%).

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Prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and associated risk ...

in South Africa showed a high prevalence of stage 2 or higher COPD (22·2% in men and 16·7% in women) in an urban population older than age 40 years, associated with previous tuberculosis and occupational exposure in addition to smoking. ... or mean (SD). COPD=chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. GOLD=Global Initiative for Chronic ...

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Mining: Government Publications: Policy Documents/Acts

Occupational diseases in mines and works amendment bill 136 1991. Occupational diseases in mines and works amendment bill 144 1991. Mineral bill 29 1990. ... Tax on the gross yield of gold in the South African Republic Law 22 1899. Registration of Mining Rights Amendment Ordinance 6 1902.

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FACT SHEET Silicosis in the mining sector in southern Africa

although data on silicosis in the mining sector in southern africa is limited, the studies that have been done suggest that it is a major occupational health problem. in lesotho 26% of ex-mineworkers who had worked in south africa gold mines had acquired silicosis. in zambia, the rate of silicosis among workers in open cast copper mines was .

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The health impacts of extractive industry transnational corporations: a ...

The International Labour Organisation (ILO) reports that in contrast, South Africa accident compensation may take years, or may even never eventuate . In South Africa workers are mainly protected under the Occupational Health and Safety (OHSA) Act and the Mines Health and Safety (MHSA) Act . The OHSA Act covers the non-mining sector whereas ...

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occupational disease | Definition, Causes, & Facts | Britannica

Occupational diseases are essentially preventable and can be ascribed to faulty working conditions. The control of occupational health hazards decreases the incidence of work-related diseases and accidents and improves the health and morale of the work force, leading to decreased absenteeism and increased worker efficiency.

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A significant proportion of the Australian working population are ...

SORDSA (1999). Surveillance of Work-Related and Occupational Respiratory Diseases in South Africa ALERT: February 1999. The Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (Amendment) Regulations, 2004. Retrieved 30 October 2007 from The Senate Community Affairs Reference Committee - Workplace exposure to toxic dust (May 2006).

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Joburg's iconic mine dumps are a health risk, say activists

According to the Federation for a Sustainable Environment, the Witwatersrand is the world's largest gold and uranium mining basin with the extraction, from more than 120 mines, of 43 500 tonnes ...

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The heat is on for mining sector as silicosis claims multiply

Gold and platinum output from South Africa plunged last year in the wake of labour unrest which started in the platinum belt and quickly spread to the gold mines. Statistics South Africa said that ...

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Upcoming International Mining Conferences | AllConferenceAlert

August : 2022. 1292nd International Conference on Mining, Material, and Metallurgical Engineering (ICMMME) - 29th Aug,2022 - Venue : Goa, India. 1373rd International Conference on Science, Technology and Management (ICSTM) - 29th Aug,2022 - Venue : Lisbon, Portugal. 1368th International Conference on Innovative Engineering Technologies (ICIET ...

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How mine dumps in South Africa affect the health of communities living ...

The prevalence of asthma among the children in communities located near mine dumps - between 10% and 13% - was consistent with other studies conducted in South Africa. And among older people, we...

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How mine dumps in South Africa affect the health of ... - Bizcommunity

The prevalence of asthma among the children in communities located near mine dumps - between 10% and 13% - was consistent with other studies conducted in South Africa. And among older people, we...

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Chronic respiratory disease among the elderly in South Africa: any ...

The prevalence of asthma (17.3%), chronic bronchitis (13.4%), chronic cough (26.6%), emphysema (5.6%), pneumonia (17.1%) and wheeze (24.7%), in the exposed communities was higher than that of the unexposed communities, where the proportions were 12.1%, 7.5%, 18%, 3.3%, 13.9% and 19.3%, respectively (Figure 2).

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Mortality of Middle Aged White South African Gold Miners - JSTOR

Based on the occupational histories of a 30% sample of the cohort it was known that the vast majority were gold miners. An estimated 93% had worked more than 85% of their mining service in gold mines. Standardised mortality ratios were calculated as the ratios of the deaths observed in the cohort to those expected on the basis of concurrent

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[Occupational asthma]. - Abstract - Europe PMC

This chapter contains a brief description of the definition and classification of work-related asthma, as well as the epidemiological repercussions, natural course, diagnostic criteria, progression and legal aspects of the disease, with the objective of raising an alert regarding this disease and its implications for workers. Full text links

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Silicosis at autopsy in platinum mine workers | Occupational Medicine ...

Eighty-five of 3863 (2.2%) platinum mine workers employed for more than a year had silicosis at autopsy; an additional 490 (12.7%) had fibrotic nodules in the lymph nodes. After reviewing all data sources, five mine workers with silicosis and 25 with fibrotic nodules in the lymph nodes fulfilled the study inclusion criteria. Conclusions

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Investigating the effectiveness of occupational health interventions in ...

control in South African gold mines." The Thibela study findings are a salutary demonstration of the importance of evalu-ating an occupational intervention that was expected to work, but did not. The third example concerned the evalu-ation of an HIV/AIDS peer education pro-gramme in a South African company employing about 18 761 people.8

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Endocrine Disruptors and Health Effects in Africa: A Call for Action ...

Background: Africa faces a number of unique environmental challenges. Unfortunately, it lacks the infrastructure needed to support the comprehensive environmental studies that could provide the scientific basis to inform environmental policies. There are a number of known sources of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and other hazardous chemicals in Africa. However, a coordinated approach ...

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Secular trends in chronic respiratory diseases mortality in Brazil ...

While the declining trends of asthma in South Africa was flat. Fig. 4. The age, period, and cohort effects on asthma mortality across BRICS countries. ... mainly symptom-based diagnosis, inadequate use of gold standard, ... the South Africa Occupational Diseases in Mines and Works Act, and the Mine Health and Safety Act[56, 57].

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FACT SHEET Silicosis in the mining sector in southern Africa

have been done suggest that it is a major occupational health problem. In Lesotho 26% of ex-mineworkers who had worked in South Africa gold mines had acquired silicosis. In Zambia, the rate of silicosis among workers in open cast copper mines was 22%. In South Africa a range of studies of varying size have shown high rates of silicosis

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Isoniazid for tuberculosis control ineffective in high-risk clusters

1. Treatment for active tuberculosis (TB) and isoniazid preventive therapy for those at risk did not reduce the overall incidence or prevalence of TB among workers in South African gold mines. 2. Isoniazid may be effective at lowering the incidence of TB during treatment; however, there was a rapid loss of protection once treatment was completed.

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Fig. 1 Location of mine dumps tailings in South Africa

Background Few studies in South Africa have investigated the exposure of asthmatic learners to indoor and outdoor air pollution at schools. This study compared outdoor PM10 and SO2 exposure levels...

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Non-allergic rhinitis and associated risk factors among the elderly in ...

Purpose To investigate whether non-allergic rhinitis among the elderly was associated with living close to mine dumps METHODS: Elderly persons (n = 2397) residing in communities 1-2 km (exposed) and ≥ 5 km (unexposed) from five preselected mine dumps in Gauteng and North West provinces in South Africa were included in the cross-sectional study, using a previously validated modified ATS-DLD ...

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