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Mechanical and microstructural properties of high calcium fly ash one-part geopolymer cement made with granular activator Bashar S. Mohammeda,*, Sani Harunaa b, M.M.A. Wahaba, M.S. Liewa, Abdulrahman Harunaa a Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia b Department of Civil Engineering, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
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The mechanical strength of geopolymer concrete is affected by the nature of alkali activator Concentration of the solution and the curing temperature. Heat curing of GPC improves the geopolymerisation and subsequently its mechanical properties. For slag based GPC, heat curing accelerates strength gain at early ages.
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The Cement Mechanical Activation Effective Application Field Determination Abstract: Of all the known methods for increasing the cement activity, mechanical grinding is distinguished in the work. For mechanical grinding, technological characteristics of grinding in an electromagnetic field are established (mill - linear induction rotator, LIV).
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Mechanical activation is able to induce the modifications in specific surface area, surface structural, and other defects [ 13 - 15 ]. When used as cement replacement, finer materials affect the mechanical performance of cement products due to both filler (physical) and pozzolanic (chemical) effects [ 16 - 19 ].
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Mechanically activated beta-TCP cements were produced with compressive and diametral tensile strengths of up to 50 and 7MPa respectively. The effect of preparation and setting parameters on the physical and chemical properties of mechanically activated beta-TCP cement was investigated. MeSH terms Biocompatible Materials / chemistry*
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Hydration of PC is consists of a series of simultaneous chemical reactions re-lated to the hydration of the individual materials constituting PC. Very often, for ... Mechanical activation of PC and the cement mixture (PC30FAi PC50FA) was performed in a vibriting ring elements mill (type MN 954/3). The activated components and mixtures were desig-
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After the addition of chemical activator, the mechanical properties and durability of ternary blended cements are increased significantly. The hydration process and micro-structural development of blended cement was investigated by isothermal calorimeter and scanning electric microscope, respectively.
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Jan 30, 2021Others (e.g., desulphurization slag). Considerable amounts of about-mentioned slags are already in use as precursors in alkali-activation processes [3,4,5,6].In particular, Muhmood et al. studied how the replacement of cement by 15 to 30% of EAFS affects the compressive strength of the material.
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Here, using a variety of novel experimental techniques, the authors uncover the atomic and vibrational contributions to the mechanical toughness of bioactive cement during the setting process.
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In the first stage, using TGA and PSD,the capacity of the tailings to undergo chemical transformations through a thermal treatment of up to1000 C and physical transformation through low-energy milling for up to 180min, were explored.Relevant chemical modifications were observed over the range of 500 Ce900 C, with peaks between600 C and 800 C.
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There is currently no model, based solely on calorimetry, which completely describes the effects of mixture proportions, cement and SCM chemistry, and chemical admixture dosages on the temperature sensitivity and adiabatic temperature rise of concrete. The objective of this study is to develop a comprehensive model to describe these effects.
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The objective of this study is to experimentally investigate the effect of chemical activation of fly ash on the mechanical properties of concrete at normal and after exposure to elevated temperatures. Four different chemical activators were used in the study; 2.5% Na2 SO 4, 2.5% NaOH, 3% (Na 2 SiO 3 and CaO) by ratio (1:8) and 4% Aquis Na 2 SiO 3.
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Cemented paste backfill (CPB), which is prepared by mixing tailings, binder and water, is widely used in underground mines for waste management and ground control. Since the CPB is delivered into mined-out areas in the form of fluid, a barricade needs to be constructed for retaining it during the process of its filling and hardening. Therefore, the barricade should have enough mechanical ...
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the laboratory results obtained indicate maximum compressive-strength of 34.85 n/mm 2 with concrete mixture-ratio of 13.0434%-cement, 13.043%-ckd, 26.09%-fine-aggregate, 34.78%-coarse-aggregate and...
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Activation of clay in cement mortar applying mechanical, chemical and thermal techniques N. Amin, S. Alam, S. Gul, Khan Muhammad Materials Science 2012 Different techniques such as mechanical activation, chemical activation and thermal activation have been employed to activate clay used as a cement replacement material. The clay was activated.
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mechanical and chemical activation of corneal mechano- and polymodal nociceptors induce a functional hyperaemia in the ipsilateral trigeminal ganglion a schematic presenting the corneal afferents...
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The results indicated that the combination of mechanical and chemical activation (sodium sulfate) can be considered a viable solution to improving early strength and slow strength development, so that hybrid cements are able to comply with the strength requirements of the BS EN 197 cement specification. Full Text References Cited By
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MDF composites are high-perspective composite materials on polymer-cement base. They excel especially in terms of flexural strengths. High flexural stregth is caused by binding interactions between the polymer and the cement. This interactions arise due to mechanochemical activation of raw material mixture at the stage of production.
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It is white powder with a specific surface area of 445 m 2 /kg, and the main chemical composition is shown in Table 1. According to "Granulated blast furnace slag used for cement production" and the works on slag eco-cement [ 28 - 30 ], the chemical modulus K should not be less than 1.2 and the calculated K = 1.81 > 1.2, so the slag is qualified.
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Chemical activation refers to the use of some chemical substances to activate the potential reactivity of cementitious components. Some chemical activators are Na 2 SiO 3, NaOH, KOH, and Na 2 CO 3 [6]. The activator(s) can be added during the milling of cement/ slag or can be dissolved in the mixing water and added during the mixing of cement/slag pastes, mortars, and concrete. The
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Because of their unique physical and chemical properties, nanoparticles have been gaining increasing attention and have been used in many fields to fabricate new materials with novel functions. If nanoparticles are integrated with cement-based building materials, the new materials might possess some outstanding properties.
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Mechanical activation is a method that can induce a series of physical and chemical changes in solid materials by applying shear, compression, impact, bending and extension, which also induce...
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There are few studies available on the post-light activation or post-mix polymerization of dental resin cements as a function of time. This in vitro study evaluated the successive changes in the degree of conversion (DC) and microhardness during polymerization of six commercial resin cements (light-cured [Choice 2, RelyX Veneer], chemical-cured [Multilink, C&B Cement] and dual-cured [Calibra ...
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Objective . To evaluate a newly developed self-adhesive resin cement on physical, mechanical, and adhesive properties and compare it with other commercial self-adhesive resin cements. Materials and Methods . Experimental self-adhesive resin cement (SARC) was formulated by our proprietary adhesive resin and filler technology. Maxcem Elite, RelyX Unicem 2, SpeedCem Plus, SmartCEM 2, and Calibra ...
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Experimental investigations showed improved mechanical properties of geopolymer concretes with the adoption of steam curing and lower binder-to-aggregate ratio. Further, the addition of admixtures such as sodium sulfate and calcium nitrate to the slag binder exhibited higher compressive strengths.
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The mechanical strength of granular mixtures such as gravel and sand stabilized with hydraulic binders is a complex function of time, the specific kinetic of hydration of the binder hydration and the shape of the function representative of voids distribution. The notion of activation energy is applicable to take account of the temperature effect.
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Feb 1, 2022Chemical activation is attributed to the application of some reagents to create cementitious properties or to activate hydraulic properties. Alkaline reagents (NaOH, Na 2 CO 3, and Na 2 SiO 3 ), sulfates (Na 2 SO 4 and CaSO 4 ), and compound activators are generally used and can reinforce the potential reactivity of cement components ( Allahverdi et al., 2018, Cihangir et al., 2018, Pacheco-Torgal et al., 2007 ).
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This paper studied the effects of NAC on the hydration process, pore structure, and mechanical properties of a cement substrate under different activation methods. The results show that the pH value of the pore solution of cement mixed with 5% NAC high-viscosity ore (calcined) was 8.8% higher than that of the cement without NAC.
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Mechanical-Chemical Activation of Coal Fly Ashes: An Effective Way for Recycling and Make Cementitious Materials . By Ana Fernández-Jiménez, ... reactive and (especially) fineness play a very important role in both the development of cement mechanical strength and the composition and structure of the reaction products formed Topics: ...
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Results showed that the addition of chemical activators did not demonstrate an obvious effect on the strength development of the cement. In the mechanical activation, the dune sand with prolonged grinding was investigated to study the effect of using different particle size on the dune sand reactivity.
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Which one should I take?. 17-2041 Chemical Engineers. Design chemical plant equipment and devise processes for manufacturing chemicals and products, such as gasoline, synthetic rubber, plastics, detergents, cement, paper, and pulp, by applying principles and technology of chemistry, physics, and engineering. National estimates for Chemical ...
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(viii) forming of cement clinker by known process, (ix) ball-milling of cement clinker for a period ranging between 30-60 minutes in dry condition, (x) reducing size of granulated blast furnace...
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Second, a chemical process is initiated, which is responsible for the final hardening of the cement. The handling of cement can be described by four different phases, based on the viscosities.[16] They are as follows. (1) The mixing phase (up to 1 min) is the period required to thoroughly homogenize the powder and the liq ‑ uid.
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Results show that PMS had an assisted-alkali activation, and could graft hydrophobic groups (-CH3) on the C-A-S-H/C-S-H gel chemical structure by condensation reaction. While PMS had a retard effect and reduced mechanical property due to the decreased binding energy of atoms and condensation degree of gel. The coating with 5 wt.% PMS obtained a ...
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high alumina cement paste, in the presence of silica fume, shows an increasing strength trend even at 20 c and 40 c, since this pozzolan causes the formation of gehlenite hydrate (c {sub 2}ash {sub 8}) and therefore strongly reduces the transformation of hexagonal aluminate hydrates (cah {sub 10}, c {sub 2}ah {sub 8}) into the cubic hydrate (c .
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FA requires activation, while GGBS has undergone in situ activation, with other alkalis present in it. The reactive silica in RHA and SBA readily reacts with free Ca(OH)2 in cement matrix, which produces the secondary C-S-H gel and gives strength to the concrete. SF addition involves both physical contribution and chemical action in concrete.
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Mechanical properties namely compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength of each concrete mixture was evaluated at the age of 28 days. The results of testing indicated that the addition of GF was very useful in enhancing the split tensile and flexural strength of both RCA and NCA concrete.
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The activation solution used contains commercial sodium hydroxide (purity 98.0%) and commercial water silica solution (water glass, water content: 63.35%). The activation solution was stirred at 500 rpm for 1 h to homogenize.
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The chemical compositions of all these ... Palomo, J. G., & Puertas, F. (1999). Alkali-activated slag mortars: Mechanical strength behaviour. Cement and Concrete Research,29, 1313-1321. Article ... J. S. J. (2005). The coexistence of geopolymeric gel and calcium silicate hydrate at the early stage of alkaline activation. Cement and Concrete ...
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Mechanochemical activation can be defined as a process able to induce structural disorder through intensive grinding. In certain conditions, it may increase the chemical reactivity of the processed material. The process is extensively utilized in extractive metallurgy, synthesis of nanocomposites or pharmacology.
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